ABSTRACT. Analyzing the organochlorine pesticide (OCP) content in milk is relevantbecause it helps evaluate the quality of milk that reaches the consumer's table and also helps identify the geographical areas where there is a high possibility of contamination. Accordingly,thispilot project was aimed at determining the extent of contamination by OCP residues and their metabolites in fresh cow's milk in Mojuí dos Campos and Belterra, Pará, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). The OCPs evaluated in this study weredichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (α, β, γ, and δ), endosulfanα and β, andendosulfansulfate. None of the thirty bovine milk samples analyzedshowed any contamination with OCPs.TheOCP content was within the limit of quantification of the method. The results of this study add to the existing knowledge on the quality ofbovine milk produced in these locations. However, further researchon other environmental matricesis required to confirm the results obtained in this study.

Abstract In the present study, we evaluated the physicochemical characteristics (color, humidity, soluble solids, free acidity, pH, ash content, carbohydrate content, and 5-HMF) and antioxidant activity (Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and DPPH free radical scavenging) of honey samples produced by different species of Meliponinae subfamily (n = 16) and A. mellifera (n = 16) from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon region. Considering global averages, the stingless-bee honey had high acidity (93.45 mEq kg-1), high humidity (27.43%), low content of reducing sugars (55.65%), and darker colors (Pfund scale – 162.17 mm), when compared with A. mellifera honey (62.96 mEq kg-1, 19.35%, 65.70% and 68.43 mm for the respective parameters). Furthermore, more than 50% of samples of stingless-bee honey had values of 5-HMF above that proposed by Codex Alimentarius (max. 80 mg kg-1). The two types of honey investigated showed similar results for total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical characteristics of the honey samples, showed that the A. mellifera samples formed a differentiated group, while the multi-species Meliponinae samples were more scattered along the PCA axes. The distinctive characteristics of stingless-bee honey compared to A. mellifera honey produced in the same region, reinforces the need for specific regulations for honey produced by stingless-bees.

RESUMO Avaliou-se a composição química e a degradação in vitro da matéria seca do coco integral, do pó de coco e da fibra de coco tratados com hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) e o efeito da inclusão do coco integral hidrolisado com 6% de NaOH sobre a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, o desempenho e o comportamento ingestivo em ovinos - 0%, 3% e 6% - e o efeito da inclusão do coco integral hidrolisado com 6% de hidróxido de sódio em diferentes concentrações na dieta - 25%, 30%, 35% e 40% - sobre a digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, o desempenho e o comportamento ingestivo, em ovinos. A alcalinização diminuiu os teores de hemicelulose, FDN e FDA dos coprodutos avaliados. O coco integral e o pó de coco apresentaram maior degradação in vitro da MS em relação a fibra de coco, com maiores valores obtidos com a inclusão de 6% de hidróxido de sódio. A inclusão de coco integral nas dietas não afetou o consumo de MS, de PB, de FDN e de FDA, mas influenciou o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e a digestibilidade aparente da MS e da FDN. Quanto ao comportamento ingestivo dos animais, só houve efeito de inclusão do coco integral na dieta sobre o tempo de ruminação. O coco tratado com 6% de NaOH pode ser utilizado em até 35% na dieta de ovinos, pois não reduz o consumo e o ganho de peso desses animais.

ABSTRACT The growing consumption of green coconut - fresh and industrialized - in Brazil generates a large volume of wastes and coproducts that justifies the search for alternatives for their use in animal feeding. The most limiting factor to the inclusion of these coproducts in ruminant diets is their high fiber content, which may restrict intake and performance. The present study determined the composition and in vitro dry matter degradability of whole coconut, coconut powder, and coconut fiber treated with sodium hydroxide (0%, 3%, and 6%) and the effect of including whole coconut hydrolyzed with 6% sodium hydroxide at different concentrations (25%, 30%, 35%, and 40%) in the diet on apparent digestibility of nutrients, performance, and feeding behavior of sheep. Alkalinization decreased the hemicellulose, NDF, and ADF contents of the evaluated coproducts. Whole coconut and coconut powder provided greater in vitro degradation of DM compared with coconut fiber, with highest values obtained with the inclusion of 6% sodium hydroxide. Inclusion of whole coconut in the diets did not affect the intakes of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF, but influenced weight gain, feed conversion, and apparent digestibility of DM and NDF. Regarding the feeding behavior of the animals, the inclusion of whole coconut in the diet only affected their rumination time. Whole coconut hydrolyzed with 6% NAOH can be included in diets for feedlot sheep at up to 35% without reducing intake or weight gain.